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@MASTERSTHESIS{Kroetzsch:471875,
      author       = {Kroetzsch, Kilian},
      othercontributors = {Koziej, Dorota and Caddeo, Francesco},
      title        = {{A}n {O}perando {S}tudy on {P}hoto-electrochemically
                      {A}ctive {C}u{B}i$_2${O}$_4$ {T}hin-films via {X}-ray {PDF}
                      {A}nalysis.},
      school       = {University of Hamburg},
      type         = {Bachelorarbeit},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2021-04719},
      pages        = {53},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {Bachelorarbeit, University of Hamburg, 2021},
      abstract     = {In this thesis, a new method of performing total X-ray
                      scattering measurements of photo-electrochemically (PEC)
                      active CuBi2O4 thin-films in operando was investigated. The
                      thin-films were fabricated via spin-coating of a precursor
                      solution containing Cu and Bi ions onto an FTO-coated glass
                      substrate. The method was first introduced by S. Medicus.
                      Two different additives, namely ethylene glycol (EG) and
                      glycerol (GL), were added to the precursor solution to
                      increase the homogeneity and compactness of the thin-films.
                      We explored the use of an on-purpose designed operando PEC
                      cell as opposed to a commercial PEC cell for the diagnostic
                      measurements on the photoactive films and proved that
                      similar values of photovoltage and photocurrents are
                      generally obtained with either of them. Due to the space
                      constraints inside the measurement chamber at the beamline
                      at PETRA III synchrotron at DESY (Hamburg), a LED
                      illumination unit was used as an alternative to standard
                      AM1.5 solar simulators and found to be a viable solution.
                      The spot size of the illumination on the sample, the nature
                      of the additive and the amount of layers of the spin-coated
                      films were optimised in terms of the PEC performance. Two
                      LEDs with different wavelenghts of their emitted light were
                      also compared in terms of the PEC performance of the
                      material. The grazing incidence geometry used for the
                      operando total scattering measurements enabled high surface
                      sensitivity for the pair distribution function (PDF)
                      analysis of the sample. Our study can potentially give new
                      insights into the structural changes of the PEC active
                      material during water splitting, and ultimately aid in
                      boasting the long term stability of the material.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P07-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)2},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/471875},
}