TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becher, Johannes
AU  - Weber, Sebastian
AU  - Ferreira Sanchez, Dario
AU  - Doronkin, Dmitry
AU  - Garrevoet, Jan
AU  - Falkenberg, Gerald
AU  - Motta Meira, Debora
AU  - Pascarelli, Sakura
AU  - Grunwaldt, Jan-Dierk
AU  - Sheppard, Thomas L.
TI  - Sample Environment for Operando Hard X-ray Tomography—An Enabling Technology for Multimodal Characterization in Heterogeneous Catalysis
JO  - Catalysts
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
SN  - 2073-4344
CY  - Basel
PB  - MDPI
M1  - PUBDB-2021-02756
SP  - 459 (1-18)
PY  - 2021
AB  - Structure–activity relations in heterogeneous catalysis can be revealed through in situ and operando measurements of catalysts in their active state. While hard X-ray tomography is an ideal method for non-invasive, multimodal 3D structural characterization on the micron to nm scale, performing tomography under controlled gas and temperature conditions is challenging. Here, we present a flexible sample environment for operando hard X-ray tomography at synchrotron radiation sources. The setup features are discussed, with demonstrations of operando powder X-ray diffraction tomography (XRD-CT) and energy-dispersive tomographic X-ray absorption spectroscopy (ED-XAS-CT). Catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> methanation and partial oxidation of methane are shown as case studies. The setup can be adapted for different hard X-ray microscopy, spectroscopy, or scattering synchrotron radiation beamlines, is compatible with absorption, diffraction, fluorescence, and phase-contrast imaging, and can operate with scanning focused beam or full-field acquisition mode. We present an accessible methodology for operando hard X-ray tomography studies, which offer a unique source of 3D spatially resolved characterization data unavailable to contemporary methods.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000642878200001
DO  - DOI:10.3390/catal11040459
UR  - https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/459810
ER  -