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| 100 | 1 | _ | |a Melke, Julia |0 P:(DE-H253)PIP1008369 |b 0 |e Corresponding author |
| 245 | _ | _ | |a Investigating the Effect of Microstructure and Surface Functionalization of Mesoporous N-Doped Carbons on V$^{4+}$/V$^{5+}$ Kinetics |
| 260 | _ | _ | |a Washington, DC |c 2020 |b ACS Publications |
| 336 | 7 | _ | |a article |2 DRIVER |
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| 520 | _ | _ | |a State-of-the-art electrode materials for all-vanadium redox flow batteries are based on carbon. Unfortunately, the impact of the carbon structure, i.e., microstructure/crystallinity, surface functional groups, and porosity/morphology/surface area, on the electrochemical performance is still unclear. This is due to the fact that usually several structural characteristics are varied due to synthesis or post-treatment procedures at the same time. Therefore, this paper shows systematically how microstructure, porosity, and surface functional groups vary with carbonization and graphitization temperature (ranging from 700 to 1500 °C) for a mesoporous N-doped carbon (MPNC). Changes in the material’s structure (e.g., morphology, porosity, crystal structure, surface functionalization), determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (pair distribution function analysis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and N2 sorption measurements, are correlated to changes in wettability, conductivity, and electrochemical kinetics, investigated by H$_2$O sorption measurements, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the VOV$^{2+}$ electrolyte, respectively. We found that the kinetics of the VO$^{2+}$/VO$_2$$^{+}$ reaction increases with an increase in sp$^{2}$-C content and therefore an increase in crystallite size and conductivity of the mesoporous N-doped carbon. Nevertheless, the largest current for the VO$^{2+}$/VO$_2$$^{+}$ reaction for the same amount of carbon during cyclic voltammetry is observed for the MPNC carbonized at an intermediate temperature, 1000 °C, as a result of its larger wettability and thus available surface area compared to the MPNC carbonized at 1500 °C. |
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| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Martin, Julian |b 1 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Bruns, Michael |b 2 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Hügenell, Philipp |b 3 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Schökel, Alexander |0 P:(DE-H253)PIP1008105 |b 4 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Montoya Isaza, Sebastian |b 5 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Fink, Felix |b 6 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Elsässer, Patrick |b 7 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Fischer, Anna |0 P:(DE-H253)PIP1015689 |b 8 |e Corresponding author |
| 773 | _ | _ | |a 10.1021/acsaem.0c01489 |g Vol. 3, no. 12, p. 11627 - 11640 |0 PERI:(DE-600)2916551-9 |n 12 |p 11627 - 11640 |t ACS applied energy materials |v 3 |y 2020 |x 2574-0962 |
| 856 | 4 | _ | |u https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/456284/files/Melke2020_MPNCVanadium.pdf |y Restricted |
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