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@ARTICLE{Ding:454947,
      author       = {Ding, Thomas and Rebholz, Marc and Aufleger, Lennart and
                      Hartmann, Maximilian and Stooß, Veit and Magunia, Alexander
                      and Birk, Paul and Borisova, Gergana Dimitrova and Wachs,
                      David and da Costa Castanheira, Carina and Rupprecht,
                      Patrick and Mi, Yonghao and Attar, Andrew R. and Gaumnitz,
                      Thomas and Loh, Zhi-Heng and Roling, Sebastian and Butz,
                      Marco and Zacharias, Helmut and Duesterer, Stefan and
                      Treusch, Rolf and Eislage, Arvid and Cavaletto, Stefano M.
                      and Ott, Christian and Pfeifer, Thomas},
      title        = {{M}easuring the frequency chirp of extreme-ultraviolet
                      free-electron laser pulses by transient absorption
                      spectroscopy},
      journal      = {Nature Communications},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2041-1723},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2021-00854},
      pages        = {643 (1-7)},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {High-intensity ultrashort pulses at extreme ultraviolet
                      (XUV) and x-ray photon energies, delivered by
                      state-of-the-art free-electron lasers (FELs), are
                      revolutionizing the field of ultrafast spectroscopy. For
                      crossing the next frontiers of research, precise, reliable
                      and practical photonic tools for the spectro-temporal
                      characterization of the pulses are becoming steadily more
                      important. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a technique
                      for the direct measurement of the frequency chirp of
                      extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses based on
                      fundamental nonlinear optics. It is implemented in XUV-only
                      pump-probe transient-absorption geometry and provides
                      in-situ information on the time-energy structure of FEL
                      pulses. Using a rate-equation model for the time-dependent
                      absorbance changes of anionized neon target, we show how the
                      frequency chirp can be directly extracted and quantified
                      from measured data. Since the method does not rely on an
                      additional external field, we expect a widespread
                      implementation at FELs benefiting multiple science fields by
                      in-situ on-target measurement and optimization of FEL-pulse
                      properties.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User / FS-FLASH-D / FS-FLASH-O / MHFe},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 /
                      I:(DE-H253)FS-FLASH-D-20160930 /
                      I:(DE-H253)FS-FLASH-O-20160930 / I:(DE-H253)MHFe-20210408},
      pnm          = {631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control
                      (POF4-631) / 6G2 - FLASH (DESY) (POF4-6G2)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-631 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G2},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)F-BL2-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33510142},
      UT           = {WOS:000616784300004},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41467-020-20846-1},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/454947},
}