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@ARTICLE{Borgwardt:454462,
      author       = {Borgwardt, Mario and Mahl, Johannes and Roth, Friedrich and
                      Wenthaus, Lukas and Brauße, Felix and Blum, Monika and
                      Schwarzburg, Klaus and Liu, Guiji and Toma, Francesca M. and
                      Gessner, Oliver},
      title        = {{P}hotoinduced {C}harge {C}arrier {D}ynamics and {E}lectron
                      {I}njection {E}fficiencies in {A}u
                      {N}anoparticle-{S}ensitized {T}i{O}$_2$ {D}etermined with
                      {P}icosecond {T}ime-{R}esolved {X}-ray {P}hotoelectron
                      {S}pectroscopy},
      journal      = {The journal of physical chemistry letters},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {14},
      issn         = {1948-7185},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2021-00536},
      pages        = {5476 - 5481},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Progress in the development of plasmon-enabled
                      light-harvesting technologies requires a better
                      understanding of their fundamental operating principles and
                      current limitations. Here, we employ picosecond
                      time-resolved X-ray photoemission spectroscopy to
                      investigate photoinduced electron transfer in a plasmonic
                      model system composed of 20 nm sized gold nanoparticles
                      (NPs) attached to a nanoporous film of TiO2. The measurement
                      provides direct, quantitative access to transient local
                      charge distributions from the perspectives of the electron
                      donor (AuNP) and the electron acceptor (TiO2). On average,
                      approximately two electrons are injected per NP,
                      corresponding to an electron injection yield per absorbed
                      photon of $0.1\%.$ Back electron transfer from the
                      perspective of the electron donor is dominated by a fast
                      recombination channel proceeding on a time scale of 60 ± 10
                      ps and a minor contribution that is completed after ∼1 ns.
                      The findings provide a detailed picture of photoinduced
                      charge carrier generation in this NP–semiconductor
                      junction, with important implications for understanding
                      achievable overall photon-to-charge conversion
                      efficiencies.},
      cin          = {CFEL-UDSS / U HH / $XFEL_E1_MID$},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CFEL-UDSS-20160914 / $I:(DE-H253)U_HH-20120814$
                      / $I:(DE-H253)XFEL_E1_MID-20210408$},
      pnm          = {632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and Functional
                      Materials (POF4-632)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)External-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32545961},
      UT           = {WOS:000551546100014},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00825},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/454462},
}