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@ARTICLE{deSousaFerreiraRodrigues:449836,
      author       = {de Sousa Ferreira Rodrigues, Xavier and Garrappa, Simone
                      and Gao, Shan and Paliya, Vaidehi S. and Franckowiak, Anna
                      and Winter, Walter},
      title        = {{M}ulti-wavelength and neutrino emission from blazar {PKS}
                      1502+106},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2020-04053, arXiv:2009.04026},
      year         = {2020},
      note         = {13 pages, 5 figures},
      abstract     = {In July of 2019, the IceCube experiment detected a
                      high-energy neutrino from the direction of the powerful
                      blazar PKS 1502+106. We perform multi-wavelength and
                      multi-messenger modeling of this source, using a fully
                      self-consistent one-zone model, which includes the
                      contribution of external radiation fields typical of
                      flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). We identify three
                      different activity states of the blazar: the quiescent
                      state, and two distinct flaring states with hard and soft
                      gamma-ray spectra. We find two hadronic models that can both
                      describe the multi-wavelength emission during all three
                      states: a leptohadronic model with a contribution from
                      photo-hadronic processes to X-rays and high-energy gamma
                      rays, and a proton synchrotron model, where the emission
                      from keV to 10 GeV comes from proton synchrotron radiation.
                      Both models predict a substantial neutrino flux, which is
                      correlated with the gamma-ray and soft X-ray fluxes. Our
                      results are compatible with the detection of a neutrino
                      during the quiescent state, based on event rate statistics.
                      Upon an extensive parameter scan, we conclude that the soft
                      X-ray fluxes observed during bright gamma-ray flares
                      strongly suggest a hadronic contribution, which can be
                      interpreted as additional evidence for cosmic ray
                      acceleration in the source independently of neutrino
                      observations. We find that more arguments can be made in
                      favor of the leptohadronic model vis-a-vis the proton
                      synchrotron scenario, such as a lower energetic demand
                      during the quiescent state and the fact that the same model
                      has also been shown to describe the observation of neutrinos
                      from blazar TXS 0506+056. The leptohadronic model would be
                      disfavored for flaring states of PKS 1502+106 if no IceCube
                      events were found from the direction of the source before
                      2010, which would require an archival search.},
      keywords     = {model: hadronic (INSPIRE) / neutrino: flux (INSPIRE) /
                      cosmic radiation: acceleration (INSPIRE) / gamma ray: energy
                      spectrum (INSPIRE) / blazar (INSPIRE) / photon hadron
                      (INSPIRE) / proton synchrotron (INSPIRE) / radio wave
                      (INSPIRE) / X-ray: flux (INSPIRE) / IceCube (INSPIRE) /
                      messenger (INSPIRE) / synchrotron radiation (INSPIRE) /
                      statistics (INSPIRE) / quasar (INSPIRE)},
      cin          = {ZEU-EXP/AT},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-H253)ZEU-EXP_AT-20120731$},
      pnm          = {613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF3-613) /
                      NEUCOS - Neutrinos and the origin of the cosmic rays
                      (646623)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-613 / G:(EU-Grant)646623},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      eprint       = {2009.04026},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2009.04026},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2009.04026;\%\%$},
      doi          = {10.3204/PUBDB-2020-04053},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/449836},
}