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@PHDTHESIS{Ranke:430068,
      author       = {Ranke, Martin},
      othercontributors = {Fruehling, Ulrike and Kärtner, Franz and Laarmann, Tim},
      title        = {{I}nvestigation of low-energy photoelectron dynamics
                      accelerated in terahertz light fields using a novel
                      {V}elocity-{M}ap-{I}maging spectrometer},
      school       = {Universität Hamburg},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Hamburg},
      publisher    = {Verlag Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2019-05524, DESY-THESIS-2019-033},
      series       = {DESY-THESIS},
      pages        = {155},
      year         = {2019},
      note         = {Dissertation, Universität Hamburg, 2019},
      abstract     = {In this work, the dynamics of low-energy photoelectrons,
                      generated by multiphoton ionization from near-infrared (NIR)
                      laser pulses, in the presence of intense near single-cycle
                      carrier-envelope phase stable Terahertz (THz) pulses, were
                      experimentally investigated. For certain time delays between
                      the NIR and THz pulses, a strong modulation of the
                      photoelectron momentum distribution was observed and
                      attributed to rescattering from the ionic core. During the
                      rescattering process, an additional momentum was transferred
                      to the photoelectrons leading to a higher kinetic energy in
                      the continuum in contrast to directly emitted photoelectrons
                      that are not rescattered. In another experiment, the
                      $51^{\text{st}}$ harmonic of the NIR laser, generated by a
                      high-order harmonic generation source, was used to ionize
                      $4d$ photoelectrons in Xe leading to single and double Auger
                      decays. A dominant decay channel was a double Auger decay,
                      where a slow Auger (SA) and a fast Auger electron are
                      involved. The superposition with intense THz radiation led
                      to a relative time shift between the time-dependent
                      $4d_{5/2}$ photoelectron and the SA electron momentum
                      distributions. This relative time shift can be explained by
                      the Auger lifetime $\tau_{\text{AE}} > 23\,\text{fs}$ of the
                      SA electron as well as contributions of the
                      Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith and Coulomb-laser coupling time
                      delays, which are pronounced at low kinetic electron
                      energies and long streaking wavelengths. In the both
                      experiments, the angular momentum distribution of
                      photoelectrons was measured by a velocity-map imaging
                      spectrometer (VMIS) with a novel capillary gas injection.
                      The VMIS provides high target gas densities while preserving
                      its energy resolution and was embedded in a table-top THz
                      streak camera.},
      cin          = {UNI/EXP / CFEL-FXP},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-H253)UNI_EXP-20120731$ /
                      I:(DE-H253)CFEL-FXP-20160909},
      pnm          = {631 - Accelerator R $\&$ D (POF3-631)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-631},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)External-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)29 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      doi          = {10.3204/PUBDB-2019-05524},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/430068},
}