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@ARTICLE{Dixon:428236,
      author       = {Dixon, D. and Schoekel, A. and Roth, C.},
      title        = {{S}patially resolved quantification of ruthenium oxide
                      phase in a direct methanol fuel cell operated under normal
                      and fuel starved conditions},
      journal      = {Electrochimica acta},
      volume       = {298},
      issn         = {0013-4686},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2019-04461},
      pages        = {52 - 58},
      year         = {2019},
      note         = {© Elsevier Ltd. ; Final published version in progress;
                      Post referee fulltext in progress; Embargo 12 months from
                      publication},
      abstract     = {In operando Ru K edge X-ray absorption spectra were
                      recorded at various cell voltages from specific regions of a
                      direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), such as methanol inlet,
                      outlet and middle regions. From the linear combination
                      fitting analysis, it was found that $50\%$ of the Ru in the
                      pristine Pt/Ru catalyst is in an oxidized form that matches
                      with hydrated ruthenium oxide (RuO2·xH2O). During the DMFC
                      cycling, fraction of this oxide phase gets reduced and forms
                      metallic Ru. Furthermore, it is observed that under normal
                      DMFC operation at various cell voltages relatively a higher
                      amount of RuO2 phase is present at the methanol inlet
                      compared to the methanol outlet. This difference in the
                      amount of RuO2 phase observed translates into inhomogeneous
                      distribution of potential/current within a single cell. The
                      amount of RuO2 phase increased further when the DMFC was
                      subjected to fuel starvation conditions (very high anode
                      potential). Again compared to the methanol outlet region, a
                      higher amount of RuO2 phase was found at the methanol inlet.
                      As RuO2 is more prone to dissolution compared to metallic
                      Ru, it can be concluded that methanol inlet region is more
                      prone to Ru dissolution compared to methanol outlet region.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User / FS-PET-D},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 /
                      I:(DE-H253)FS-PET-D-20190712},
      pnm          = {6213 - Materials and Processes for Energy and Transport
                      Technologies (POF3-621)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6213},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)D-X1-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000456432200006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.073},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/428236},
}