000419011 001__ 419011 000419011 005__ 20250930091308.0 000419011 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1088/1361-6455/aa9735 000419011 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0954-8998 000419011 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1355-5111 000419011 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1361-6625 000419011 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1464-4266 000419011 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1741-3575 000419011 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1747-3861 000419011 0247_ $$2datacite_doi$$a10.3204/PUBDB-2019-00875 000419011 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:31528548 000419011 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000419798100001 000419011 0247_ $$2openalex$$aopenalex:W2784192443 000419011 037__ $$aPUBDB-2019-00875 000419011 041__ $$aEnglish 000419011 082__ $$a530 000419011 1001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1085622$$aYoung, Linda$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000419011 245__ $$aRoadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics 000419011 260__ $$aBristol$$bIOP Publ.$$c2018 000419011 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000419011 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000419011 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1550146309_11792 000419011 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000419011 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000419011 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000419011 520__ $$aX-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) and table-top sources of x-rays based upon high harmonic generation (HHG) have revolutionized the field of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics, largely due to an explosive growth in capabilities in the past decade. XFELs now provide unprecedented intensity (1020 W cm−2) of x-rays at wavelengths down to ~1 Ångstrom, and HHG provides unprecedented time resolution (~50 attoseconds) and a correspondingly large coherent bandwidth at longer wavelengths. For context, timescales can be referenced to the Bohr orbital period in hydrogen atom of 150 attoseconds and the hydrogen-molecule vibrational period of 8 femtoseconds; wavelength scales can be referenced to the chemically significant carbon K-edge at a photon energy of ~280 eV (44 Ångstroms) and the bond length in methane of ~1 Ångstrom. With these modern x-ray sources one now has the ability to focus on individual atoms, even when embedded in a complex molecule, and view electronic and nuclear motion on their intrinsic scales (attoseconds and Ångstroms). These sources have enabled coherent diffractive imaging, where one can image non-crystalline objects in three dimensions on ultrafast timescales, potentially with atomic resolution. The unprecedented intensity available with XFELs has opened new fields of multiphoton and nonlinear x-ray physics where behavior of matter under extreme conditions can be explored. The unprecedented time resolution and pulse synchronization provided by HHG sources has kindled fundamental investigations of time delays in photoionization, charge migration in molecules, and dynamics near conical intersections that are foundational to AMO physics and chemistry. This roadmap coincides with the year when three new XFEL facilities, operating at Ångstrom wavelengths, opened for users (European XFEL, Swiss-FEL and PAL-FEL in Korea) almost doubling the present worldwide number of XFELs, and documents the remarkable progress in HHG capabilities since its discovery roughly 30 years ago, showcasing experiments in AMO physics and other applications. Here we capture the perspectives of 17 leading groups and organize the contributions into four categories: ultrafast molecular dynamics, multidimensional x-ray spectroscopies; high-intensity x-ray phenomena; attosecond x-ray science. 000419011 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6211$$a6211 - Extreme States of Matter: From Cold Ions to Hot Plasmas (POF3-621)$$cPOF3-621$$fPOF III$$x0 000419011 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000419011 693__ $$0EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101$$5EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101$$eNo specific instrument$$x0 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1008279$$aUeda, Kiyoshi$$b1 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1084094$$aGühr, Markus$$b2 000419011 7001_ $$aBucksbaum, Philip H$$b3 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1011134$$aSimon, Marc$$b4 000419011 7001_ $$aMukamel, Shaul$$b5 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1010949$$aRohringer, Nina$$b6$$udesy 000419011 7001_ $$00000-0002-5416-7354$$aPrince, Kevin C$$b7 000419011 7001_ $$aMasciovecchio, Claudio$$b8 000419011 7001_ $$aMeyer, Michael$$b9 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1006803$$aRudenko, Artem$$b10 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1007320$$aRolles, Daniel$$b11 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1007475$$aBostedt, Christoph$$b12 000419011 7001_ $$aFuchs, Matthias$$b13 000419011 7001_ $$aReis, David A$$b14 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1012203$$aSantra, Robin$$b15$$udesy 000419011 7001_ $$aKapteyn, Henry$$b16 000419011 7001_ $$aMurnane, Margaret$$b17 000419011 7001_ $$00000-0001-6371-8501$$aIbrahim, Heide$$b18 000419011 7001_ $$aLégaré, François$$b19 000419011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1007368$$aVrakking, Marc$$b20 000419011 7001_ $$00000-0002-5320-6905$$aIsinger, Marcus$$b21 000419011 7001_ $$aKroon, David$$b22 000419011 7001_ $$aGisselbrecht, Mathieu$$b23 000419011 7001_ $$aL’Huillier, Anne$$b24 000419011 7001_ $$aWörner, Hans Jakob$$b25 000419011 7001_ $$aLeone, Stephen R$$b26 000419011 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1363381-8$$a10.1088/1361-6455/aa9735$$gVol. 51, no. 3, p. 032003 -$$n3$$p032003 $$tJournal of physics / B$$v51$$x0022-3700$$y2018 000419011 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/419011/files/Young_2018_J._Phys._B__At._Mol._Opt._Phys._51_032003.pdf$$yOpenAccess 000419011 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/419011/files/Young_2018_J._Phys._B__At._Mol._Opt._Phys._51_032003.gif?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yOpenAccess 000419011 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/419011/files/Young_2018_J._Phys._B__At._Mol._Opt._Phys._51_032003.jpg?subformat=icon-1440$$xicon-1440$$yOpenAccess 000419011 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/419011/files/Young_2018_J._Phys._B__At._Mol._Opt._Phys._51_032003.jpg?subformat=icon-180$$xicon-180$$yOpenAccess 000419011 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/419011/files/Young_2018_J._Phys._B__At._Mol._Opt._Phys._51_032003.jpg?subformat=icon-640$$xicon-640$$yOpenAccess 000419011 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/419011/files/Young_2018_J._Phys._B__At._Mol._Opt._Phys._51_032003.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yOpenAccess 000419011 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