000418155 001__ 418155 000418155 005__ 20250729165648.0 000418155 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1038/s41561-017-0055-7 000418155 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1752-0894 000418155 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1752-0908 000418155 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:32118615 000418155 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000423843600014 000418155 0247_ $$2datacite_doi$$a10.3204/PUBDB-2019-00242 000418155 0247_ $$2openalex$$aopenalex:W2785097917 000418155 037__ $$aPUBDB-2019-00242 000418155 041__ $$aEnglish 000418155 082__ $$a550 000418155 1001_ $$00000-0002-5781-5716$$aKiseeva, Ekaterina S.$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000418155 245__ $$aOxidized iron in garnets from the mantle transition zone 000418155 260__ $$aLondon$$bNature Publ. Group$$c2018 000418155 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000418155 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000418155 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1549406854_12441 000418155 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000418155 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000418155 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000418155 500__ $$a© Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. 000418155 520__ $$aThe oxidation state of iron in Earth’s mantle is well known to depths of approximately 200 km, but has not been characterized in samples from the lowermost upper mantle (200–410 km depth) or the transition zone (410–660 km depth). Natural samples from the deep (>200 km) mantle are extremely rare, and are usually only found as inclusions in diamonds. Here we use synchrotron Mössbauer source spectroscopy complemented by single-crystal X-ray diffraction to measure the oxidation state of Fe in inclusions of ultra-high pressure majoritic garnet in diamond. The garnets show a pronounced increase in oxidation state with depth, with Fe$^{3+}$/(Fe$^{3+}$+ Fe$^{2+}$) increasing from 0.08 at approximately 240 km depth to 0.30 at approximately 500 km depth. The latter majorites, which come from pyroxenitic bulk compositions, are twice as rich in Fe$^{3+}$ as the most oxidized garnets from the shallow mantle. Corresponding oxygen fugacities are above the upper stability limit of Fe metal. This implies that the increase in oxidation state is unconnected to disproportionation of Fe$^{2+}$ to Fe$^{3+}$ plus Fe$^0$. Instead, the Fe$^{3+}$ increase with depth is consistent with the hypothesis that carbonated fluids or melts are the oxidizing agents responsible for the high Fe$^{3+}$ contents of the inclusions. 000418155 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6211$$a6211 - Extreme States of Matter: From Cold Ions to Hot Plasmas (POF3-621)$$cPOF3-621$$fPOF III$$x0 000418155 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G3$$a6G3 - PETRA III (POF3-622)$$cPOF3-622$$fPOF III$$x1 000418155 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000418155 693__ $$0EXP:(DE-H253)P-P02.2-20150101$$1EXP:(DE-H253)PETRAIII-20150101$$6EXP:(DE-H253)P-P02.2-20150101$$aPETRA III$$fPETRA Beamline P02.2$$x0 000418155 7001_ $$aVasiukov, Denis M.$$b1 000418155 7001_ $$aWood, Bernard J.$$b2 000418155 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1081721$$aMcCammon, Catherine$$b3 000418155 7001_ $$aStachel, Thomas$$b4 000418155 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1014098$$aBykov, Maxim$$b5 000418155 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1015382$$aBykova, Elena$$b6 000418155 7001_ $$aChumakov, Aleksandr$$b7 000418155 7001_ $$aCerantola, Valerio$$b8 000418155 7001_ $$aHarris, Jeff W.$$b9 000418155 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1014493$$aDubrovinsky, Leonid$$b10 000418155 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2396648-8$$a10.1038/s41561-017-0055-7$$gVol. 11, no. 2, p. 144 - 147$$n2$$p144 - 147$$tNature geoscience$$v11$$x1752-0908$$y2018 000418155 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/418155/files/manuscript_revised.pdf$$yPublished on 2018-01-22. 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