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@ARTICLE{Zalden:405414,
      author       = {Zalden, Peter and Song, Liwei and Wu, Xiaojun and Huang,
                      Haoyu and Ahr, Frederike and Mücke, Oliver D. and Reichert,
                      Joscha and Thorwart, Michael and Mishra, Pankaj Kr. and
                      Welsch, Ralph and Santra, Robin and Kärtner, Franz X. and
                      Bressler, Christian},
      title        = {{M}olecular polarizability anisotropy of liquid water
                      revealed by terahertz-induced transient orientation},
      journal      = {Nature Communications},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2041-1723},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2018-02152},
      pages        = {2142},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Reaction pathways of biochemical processes are influenced
                      by the dissipative electrostatic interaction of the reagents
                      with solvent water molecules. The simulation of these
                      interactions requires a parametrization of the permanent and
                      induced dipole moments. However, the underlying molecular
                      polarizability of water and its dependence on ions are
                      partially unknown. Here, we apply intense terahertz pulses
                      to liquid water, whose oscillations match the timescale of
                      orientational relaxation. Using a combination of terahertz
                      pump / optical probe experiments, molecular dynamics
                      simulations, and a Langevin dynamics model, we demonstrate a
                      transient orientation of their dipole moments, not possible
                      by optical excitation. The resulting birefringence reveals
                      that the polarizability of water is lower along its dipole
                      moment than the average value perpendicular to it. This
                      anisotropy, also observed in heavy water and alcohols,
                      increases with the concentration of sodium iodide dissolved
                      in water. Our results enable a more accurate parametrization
                      and a benchmarking of existing and future water models.},
      cin          = {CFEL-DESYT / FS-CFEL-3 / FS-CFEL-2 / CFEL-UFOX / UNI/CUI /
                      Eur.XFEL},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CFEL-DESYT-20160930 /
                      I:(DE-H253)FS-CFEL-3-20120731 /
                      I:(DE-H253)FS-CFEL-2-20120731 /
                      I:(DE-H253)CFEL-UFOX-20160927 /
                      $I:(DE-H253)UNI_CUI-20121230$ /
                      $I:(DE-H253)Eur_XFEL-20120731$},
      pnm          = {6211 - Extreme States of Matter: From Cold Ions to Hot
                      Plasmas (POF3-621) / DFG project 281310551 - SOLSTICE -
                      Festkörper in starken terahertz und
                      infrarotenTräger-Einhüllende phasenstabilen Wellenformen
                      (281310551) / CUI - Hamburger Zentrum für ultraschnelle
                      Beobachtung (194651731)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6211 / G:(GEPRIS)281310551 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)194651731},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29849173},
      UT           = {WOS:000433542300002},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41467-018-04481-5},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/405414},
}