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@ARTICLE{Ahnen:390249,
author = {Ahnen, M. L. and Ansoldi, S. and Antonelli, L. A. and
Antoranz, P. and Babic, A. and Banerjee, B. and Bangale, P.
and Barres de Almeida, U. and Barrio, J. A. and Becerra
González, J. and Bednarek, W. and Bernardini, E. and Berti,
A. and Biasuzzi, B. and Biland, A. and Blanch, O. and
Bonnefoy, S. and Bonnoli, G. and Borracci, F. and Bretz, T.
and Buson, S. and Carosi, A. and Chatterjee, A. and Clavero,
R. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and
Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and
De Angelis, A. and De Lotto, B. and de Oña Wilhelmi, E. and
Di Pierro, F. and Doert, M. and Domínguez, A. and Dominis
Prester, D. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Einecke, S. and
Eisenacher Glawion, D. and Elsaesser, D. and Engelkemeier,
M. and Fallah Ramazani, V. and Fernández-Barral, A. and
Fidalgo, D. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Frantzen, K.
and Fruck, C. and Galindo, D. and García López, R. J. and
Garczarczyk, M. and Garrido Terrats, D. and Gaug, M. and
Giammaria, P. and Godinović, N. and González Muñoz, A.
and Gora, D. and Guberman, D. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, A.
and Hanabata, Y. and Hayashida, M. and Herrera, J. and Hose,
J. and Hrupec, D. and Hughes, G. and Idec, W. and Kodani, K.
and Konno, Y. and Kubo, H. and Kushida, J. and La Barbera,
A. and Lelas, D. and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and
Longo, F. and López, M. and López-Coto, R. and Majumdar,
P. and Makariev, M. and Mallot, K. and Maneva, G. and
Manganaro, M. and Mannheim, K. and Maraschi, L. and Marcote,
B. and Mariotti, M. and Martínez, M. and Mazin, D. and
Menzel, U. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Moralejo,
A. and Moretti, E. and Nakajima, D. and Neustroev, V. and
Niedzwiecki, A. and Nievas Rosillo, M. and Nilsson, K. and
Nishijima, K. and Noda, K. and Nogués, L. and Overkemping,
A. and Paiano, S. and Palacio, J. and Palatiello, M. and
Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and
Paredes-Fortuny, X. and Pedaletti, G. and Peresano, M. and
Perri, L. and Persic, M. and Poutanen, J. and Prada Moroni,
P. G. and Prandini, E. and Puljak, I. and Reichardt, I. and
Rhode, W. and Ribó, M. and Rico, J. and Rodriguez Garcia,
J. and Saito, T. and Satalecka, K. and Schröder, S. and
Schultz, C. and Schweizer, T. and Shore, S. N. and
Sillanpää, A. and Sitarek, J. and Snidaric, I. and
Sobczynska, D. and Stamerra, A. and Steinbring, T. and
Strzys, M. and Surić, T. and Takalo, L. and Tavecchio, F.
and Temnikov, P. and Terzić, T. and Tescaro, D. and
Teshima, M. and Thaele, J. and Torres, D. F. and Toyama, T.
and Treves, A. and Vanzo, G. and Verguilov, V. and Vovk, I.
and Ward, J. E. and Will, M. and Wu, M. H. and Zanin, R. and
Abeysekara, A. U. and Archambault, S. and Archer, A. and
Benbow, W. and Bird, R. and Buchovecky, M. and Buckley, J.
H. and Bugaev, V. and Connolly, M. P. and Cui, W. and
Dickinson, H. J. and Falcone, A. and Feng, Q. and Finley, J.
P. and Fleischhack, H. and Flinders, A. and Fortson, L. and
Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Grube, J. and Hütten,
M. and Hanna, D. and Holder, J. and Humensky, T. B. and
Kaaret, P. and Kar, P. and Kelley-Hoskins, N. and Kertzman,
M. and Kieda, D. and Krause, Maria and Krennrich, F. and
Lang, M. J. and Maier, Gernot and McCann, A. and Moriarty,
P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nieto, D. and O’Brien, S. and
Ong, R. A. and Otte, N. and Park, N. and Perkins, J. and
Pichel, A. and Pohl, M. and Popkow, A. and Pueschel, E. and
Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G.
T. and Roache, E. and Rovero, A. C. and Rulten, C. and
Sadeh, I. and Santander, M. and Sembroski, G. H. and
Shahinyan, K. and Telezhinsky, I. and Tucci, J. V. and
Tyler, J. and Wakely, S. P. and Weinstein, A. and Wilcox, P.
and Wilhelm, A. and Williams, D. A. and Zitzer, B. and
Razzaque, S. and Villata, M. and Raiteri, C. M. and Aller,
H. D. and Aller, M. F. and Larionov, V. M. and Arkharov, A.
A. and Blinov, D. A. and Efimova, N. V. and Grishina, T. S.
and Hagen-Thorn, V. A. and Kopatskaya, E. N. and Larionova,
L. V. and Larionova, E. G. and Morozova, D. A. and Troitsky,
I. S. and Ligustri, R. and Calcidese, P. and Berdyugin, A.
and Kurtanidze, O. M. and Nikolashvili, M. G. and Kimeridze,
G. N. and Sigua, L. A. and Kurtanidze, S. O. and Chigladze,
R. A. and Chen, W. P. and Koptelova, E. and Sakamoto, T. and
Sadun, A. C. and Moody, J. W. and Pace, C. and Pearson, R.
and Yatsu, Y. and Mori, Y. and Carraminyana, A. and
Carrasco, L. and de la Fuente, E. and Norris, J. P. and
Smith, P. S. and Wehrle, A. and Gurwell, M. A. and Zook, A.
and Pagani, C. and Perri, M. and Capalbi, M. and Cesarini,
A. and Krimm, H. A. and Kovalev, Y. Y. and Kovalev, Yu. A.
and Ros, E. and Pushkarev, A. B. and Lister, M. L. and
Sokolovsky, K. V. and Kadler, M. and Piner, G. and
Lähteenmäki, A. and Tornikoski, M. and Angelakis, E. and
Krichbaum, T. P. and Nestoras, I. and Fuhrmann, L. and
Zensus, J. A. and Cassaro, P. and Orlati, A. and Maccaferri,
G. and Leto, P. and Giroletti, M. and Richards, J. L. and
Max-Moerbeck, W. and Readhead, A. C. S.},
collaboration = {{MAGIC Collaboration} and {VERITAS Collaboration}},
title = {{M}ultiband variability studies and novel broadband {SED}
modeling of {M}rk 501 in 2009},
journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics},
volume = {603},
issn = {1432-0746},
address = {Les Ulis},
publisher = {EDP Sciences},
reportid = {PUBDB-2017-09408, arXiv:1612.09472},
pages = {A31},
year = {2017},
note = {© ESO},
abstract = {We present an extensive study of the BL Lac object Mrk 501
based on a data set collected during the multi-instrument
campaign spanning from 2009 March 15 to 2009 August 1, which
includes, among other instruments, MAGIC, VERITAS, Whipple
10 m, and Fermi-LAT to cover the γ-ray range from 0.1 GeV
to 20 TeV; RXTE and Swift to cover wavelengths from UV
tohard X-rays; and GASP-WEBT, which provides coverage of
radio and optical wavelengths. Optical polarization
measurements were provided for a fraction of the campaign by
the Steward and St. Petersburg observatories. We evaluate
the variability of the source and interband correlations,
the γ-ray flaring activity occurring in May 2009, and
interpret the results within two synchrotron self-Compton
(SSC) scenarios. Aims. The multiband variability observed
during the full campaign is addressed in terms of the
fractional variability, and the possible correlations are
studied by calculating the discrete correlation function for
each pair of energy bands where the significance was
evaluated with dedicated Monte Carlo simulations. The space
of SSC model parameters is probed following a dedicated
grid-scan strategy, allowing for a wide range of models to
be tested and offering a study of the degeneracy of
model-to-data agreement in the individual model parameters,
hence providing a less biased interpretation than the
“single-curve SSC model adjustment” typically reported
in the literature. Methods. We find an increase in the
fractional variability with energy, while no significant
interband correlations of flux changes are found on the
basis of the acquired data set. The SSC model grid-scan
shows that the flaring activity around May 22 cannot be
modeled adequately with a one-zone SSC scenario (using an
electron energy distribution with two breaks), while it can
be suitably described within a two (independent) zone SSC
scenario. Here, one zone is responsible for the quiescent
emission from the averaged 4.5-month observing period, while
the other one, which is spatially separated from the first,
dominates the flaring emission occurring at X-rays and
very-high-energy (>100 GeV, VHE) γ rays. The flaring
activity from May 1, which coincides with a rotation of the
electric vector polarization angle (EVPA), cannot be
satisfactorily reproduced by either a one-zone or a
two-independent-zone SSC model, yet this is partially
affected by the lack of strictly simultaneous observations
and the presence of large flux changes on sub-hour
timescales (detected at VHE γ rays). Results. The higher
variability in the VHE emission and lack of correlation with
the X-ray emission indicate that, at least during the
4.5-month observing campaign in 2009, the highest energy
(and most variable) electrons that are responsible for the
VHE γ rays do not make a dominant contribution to the ~1
keV emission. Alternatively, there could be a very variable
component contributing to the VHE γ-ray emission in
addition to that coming from the SSC scenario. The studies
with our dedicated SSC grid-scan show that there is some
degeneracy in both the one-zone and the two-zone SSC
scenarios probed, with several combinations of model
parameters yielding a similar model-to-data agreement, and
some parameters better constrained than others. The observed
γ-ray flaring activity, with the EVPA rotation coincident
with the first γ-ray flare, resembles those reported
previously for low frequency peaked blazars, hence
suggesting that there are many similarities in the flaring
mechanisms of blazars with different jet properties.},
cin = {ZEU-EXP/AT},
ddc = {520},
cid = {$I:(DE-H253)ZEU-EXP_AT-20120731$},
pnm = {613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF3-613)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-613},
experiment = {EXP:(DE-H253)MAGIC-20170101 /
EXP:(DE-H253)VERITAS-20170101},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)29 / PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
eprint = {1612.09472},
howpublished = {arXiv:1612.09472},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:1612.09472;\%\%$},
UT = {WOS:000406619100031},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201629540},
url = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/390249},
}
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