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@ARTICLE{Borsanyi:311362,
      author       = {Borsanyi, S. and Fodor, Z. and Guenther, J. and Kampert,
                      K.-H. and Katz, S. D. and Kawanai, T. and Kovacs, T. G. and
                      Mages, S. W. and Pasztor, A. and Pittler, F. and Redondo, J.
                      and Ringwald, A. and Szabo, K. K.},
      title        = {{C}alculation of the axion mass based on high-temperature
                      lattice quantum chromodynamics},
      journal      = {Nature},
      volume       = {539},
      number       = {7627},
      issn         = {1476-4687},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Macmillan28177},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2016-04674, DESY-16-105. arXiv:1606.07494},
      pages        = {69 - 71},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Unlike the electroweak sector of the standard model of
                      particle physics, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is
                      surprisingly symmetric under time reversal. As there is no
                      obvious reason for QCD being so symmetric, this phenomenon
                      poses a theoretical problem, often referred to as the strong
                      CP problem. The most attractive solution for this1 requires
                      the existence of a new particle, the axion$^{2, 3}$—a
                      promising dark-matter candidate. Here we determine the axion
                      mass using lattice QCD, assuming that these particles are
                      the dominant component of dark matter. The key quantities of
                      the calculation are the equation of state of the Universe
                      and the temperature dependence of the topological
                      susceptibility of QCD, a quantity that is notoriously
                      difficult to calculate$^{4, 5, 6, 7, 8}$, especially in the
                      most relevant high-temperature region (up to several
                      gigaelectronvolts). But by splitting the vacuum into
                      different sectors and re-defining the fermionic
                      determinants, its controlled calculation becomes feasible.
                      Thus, our twofold prediction helps most cosmological
                      calculations$^9$ to describe the evolution of the early
                      Universe by using the equation of state, and may be decisive
                      for guiding experiments looking for dark-matter axions. In
                      the next couple of years, it should be possible to confirm
                      or rule out post-inflation axions experimentally, depending
                      on whether the axion mass is found to be as predicted here.
                      Alternatively, in a pre-inflation scenario, our calculation
                      determines the universal axionic angle that corresponds to
                      the initial condition of our Universe.},
      cin          = {ALPS / T},
      ddc          = {070},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)ALPS-20130318 / I:(DE-H253)T-20120731},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF3-611)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-611},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)29 / PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000386670100030},
      eprint       = {1606.07494},
      howpublished = {arXiv:1606.07494},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:1606.07494;\%\%$},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27808190},
      doi          = {10.1038/nature20115},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/311362},
}