TY - JOUR AU - Noohinejad, Leila AU - Mondal, Swastik AU - Wölfel, Alexander AU - Ali, Sk Imran AU - Schönleber, Andreas AU - van Smaalen, Sander TI - Ferroelectricity of Phenazine-Chloranilic Acid at T = 100 K JO - Journal of chemical crystallography VL - 44 IS - 8 SN - 1572-8854 CY - Dordrecht [u.a.] PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V M1 - PUBDB-2014-04193 SP - 387 - 393 PY - 2014 AB - The co-crystal of phenazine (Phz) and chloroanilic acid (H2ca) is ferroelectric below the temperature TIc=253 K (FE-I phase). Upon cooling, two more phase transitions involve a further reduction of symmetry, until Phz-H 2 ca is triclinic in the second ferroelectric phase (FE-II phase) stable below TIIc= 137 K. Ferroelectricity in all low-temperature phases is believed to be related to partial proton transfer within the hydrogen bonds between the molecules Phz and H2ca . Here we present the crystal structure of the FE-II phase at T=100 K. Experimental positions of hydrogen atoms indicate that ferroelectricity is mainly governed by half of the hydrogen-bonded chains, whereby proton transfer is observed within one of the two hydrogen bonds in which each molecule participates. A simple point charge model quantitatively reproduces the polarisation of this material. However, a possible contribution to the polarisation is proposed of the O–H ⋯ N hydrogen bonds of the second half of the mixed chains, which show elongated O–H bonds similar to those in the FE-I phase. The twofold superstructure with P1 symmetry was successfully solved as commensurately modulated structure employing the monoclinic superspace group P21(1/2σ21/2)0 . The latter shows that the distortions at low temperatures follow a single normal mode of the space group P21 of the FE-I phase, and it thus explains that the direction of the polarisation remains close to the monoclinic axis, despite the lowering towards triclinic symmetry LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 UR - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000340101500001 DO - DOI:10.1007/s10870-014-0527-1 UR - https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/192611 ER -