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@INPROCEEDINGS{Jahn:167813,
      author       = {Jahn, Henry and Herzen, Julia and Beckmann, Felix and
                      Nickel, Michael and Hammel, Joerg},
      title        = {{T}he role of bypass elements in leucon-type canal systems:
                      {A} fluid dynamic study using particle tracking velocimetry
                      in {T}ethya wilhelma},
      reportid     = {DESY-2014-02139},
      year         = {2013},
      abstract     = {Sponges are filter feeders relying on an efficient fluid
                      transport system to capture food. In the classical model of
                      flow the aquiferous system consists of incurrent –and
                      excurrent canal system and choanocyte chambers. However,
                      morphological studies in the last years revealed yet another
                      architectural structure in leucon-type canal systems, the so
                      called bypass elements. These structures lead to a direct
                      connection between incurrent and excurrent canal system
                      elements without passing choanocyte chambers. Due to their
                      interconnected nature they are opening up alternative flow
                      pathways.In order to study the fluid mechanics impact of
                      bypass elements in Tethya wilhelma we investigated internal
                      flow fields and canal system architecture. A virtual 3D
                      canal system model was developed based on SRµCT data. This
                      model was utilized in FEM flow simulations. In vivo particle
                      tracking velocimetry measurements of oscular outflow
                      velocity served as initial boundary conditions. Microscopic
                      investigations supplemented detailed morphometric
                      information on the cellular level for various elements of
                      the aquiferous system (e.g. apopylar and prosopylar
                      openings). Results of the simulation were verified in an
                      experimental setup making use of a rapid prototype model.
                      Flow trajectories were visualized by high-speed
                      videography.Our preliminary results indicate a recirculation
                      of water within in the canal system. Within the FEM-models
                      it was not possible to introduce passive flows. The same
                      holds for the developed rapid prototype model. However,
                      principle flow patterns observed in the FEM simulation could
                      be verified. In contrast to a water flow being channeled
                      through bypass elements leading to a reduced flow in the
                      remaining parts of the canal system a recirculation is
                      expected to result in an improved filtering efficiency.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2013-09-13},
      organization  = {106th Annual Meeting Deutsche
                       Zoologische Gesellschaft, München
                       (Germany), 13 Sep 2013 - 16 Sep 2013},
      cin          = {DOOR / HZG},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 / I:(DE-H253)HZG-20120731},
      pnm          = {DORIS Beamline BW2 (POF2-54G13) / DORIS Beamline W2
                      (POF2-54G13) / PETRA Beamline P05 (POF2-54G14) /
                      FS-Proposal: I-20120218 (I-20120218) / FS-Proposal:
                      I-20110915 (I-20110915) / FS-Proposal: I-20100327
                      (I-20100327)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-H253)POF2-BW2-20130405 / G:(DE-H253)POF2-W2-20130405
                      / G:(DE-H253)POF2-P05-20130405 / G:(DE-H253)I-20120218 /
                      G:(DE-H253)I-20110915 / G:(DE-H253)I-20100327},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)D-BW2-20150101 / EXP:(DE-H253)D-W2-20150101 /
                      EXP:(DE-H253)P-P05-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/167813},
}