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@ARTICLE{AlEbraheem:141084,
      author       = {Al-Ebraheem, A. and Geraki, K. and Leek, R. and Harris, A.
                      L. and Farquharson, M. J. and DESY},
      title        = {{T}he {U}se of {B}io-{M}etal {C}oncentrations {C}orrelated
                      with {C}linical {P}rognostic {F}actors to {A}ssess {H}uman
                      {B}reast {T}issues},
      journal      = {X-ray spectrometry},
      volume       = {42},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {0049-8246},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {PHPPUBDB-25149},
      pages        = {330–336},
      year         = {2013},
      note         = {© John Wiley $\&$ Sons, Ltd.; Post referee fulltext in
                      progress; Embargo 12 months from publication},
      abstract     = {Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed
                      cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among
                      women. The concentrations of bio-metals are crucial for the
                      homeostasis of human health and are being shown to have
                      significantly different concentrations when comparing human
                      cancer tissue and normal tissue. This is the first study
                      that correlates the findings of the differences in the
                      levels of certain elements between individual tumours, to
                      the clinical prognostic factors such as oestrogen receptor
                      (ER) status, lymph node status, tumour size, grade,
                      menopause status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
                      status, epidermal growth factor receptor status, relapsed
                      status and survival status. Micro probe synchrotron
                      radiation X-ray fluorescence techniques have been used to
                      determine the localization and the relative concentrations
                      of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ca in 128 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
                      invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC) samples and normal
                      surrounding breast tissue. The statistical analysis reveals
                      a significant increase in the levels of Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn
                      concentrations by $85\%,$ $20\%,$ $23\%$ and $117\%,$
                      respectively, in IDC tissue when compared to the normal
                      breast tissue. Our study shows that increased relative
                      expressions of Zn, Fe and Ca are all associated with ER
                      positive breast cancers and also indicates that the
                      imbalance in iron concentration (deficiency) should be
                      viewed as an important risk factor that is associated with
                      aggressive features of the cancer. Characterisation of the
                      difference of bio-metals in tumour to normal regions will
                      help in selecting treatment for breast cancer with novel
                      agents that chelate iron or zinc.},
      cin          = {DOOR},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {DORIS Beamline L (POF1-550)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-H253)POF1-L-20130405},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)D-L-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000320727900026},
      doi          = {10.1002/xrs.2463},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/141084},
}