Documents in process

First order phase transitions are well motivated and extensively studied sources of gravitational waves (GWs) from the early Universe. The vacuum energy released during such transitions is assumed to be transferred primarily either to the expanding bubble walls, whose collisions source GWs, or to the surrounding plasma, producing sound waves and turbulence, which source GWs. [...]

Truncations of effective field theory expansions are technically necessary but inherently intertwined with the redundancies of general field redefinitions. This can be viewed as a juxtaposition of power-counting and theoretical uncertainties, which seek to estimate neglected higher-dimensional interactions through approaches based on community consensus. [...]

Strong first-order phase transitions in a dark sector offer a compelling explanation for the stochastic gravitational wave background in the nano-Hertz range recently detected by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). We explore the possibility that such a phase transition at the same time gives mass to a stable fermion that accounts for the observed dark matter abundance and leads to testable effects in laboratory experiments. [...]

Passivity refers to spontaneous formation of a passive film on the surface of metals. High stability of the passive film on advanced alloys relies on the repassivation ability of the alloys in corrosive environments. [...]

This study investigates the combined effects of salinity and microplastic contamination on the evaporation process and salt crystallization in porous media through complementary column- and pore-scale experiments. Laboratory soil columns were packed with either pure sand or sand mixed with 5% (w/w) poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) microplastics and subsequently saturated with freshwater or saline (NaCl) solution. [...]

Crown ether–amino acid hybrids represent a promising class of amphiphilic molecules combining ionrecognition with self-assembly capabilities. Despite extensive studies on their binding properties, theinfluence of inorganic salt complexation on their liquid crystalline behaviour remains underexplored.Here we synthesized amphiphilic [18]-crown-6 derivatives of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine and tetrahydroisoquinolineanalogues, systematically investigating the effects of alkyl chain length and salt type onmesophase formation. [...]

The present work focuses on the microstructure evolution of an aluminium 6082 alloy during the homogenization treatment. In-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) measurements enable the time-resolved study of the evolution of primary phases like β-Mg2Si and silicon and the nucleation of new precipitates, such as α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2 dispersoids and metastable B′-Al4Mg8Si7. [...]

Advancements in synchrotron and X-ray free-electron sources and associated developments in instrumentation and techniques offer many new possibilities for researchers. At the same time there is increasing demand and pressure to implement the FAIR data principles by which data should be made Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. [...]

Quantum chromodynamics admits a CP violating contribution to the action, the θ term, which is expected to give rise to a nonvanishing electric dipole moment of the neutron. Despite intensive search, no CP violations have been found in the strong interaction. [...]

Under the DAPHNE4NFDI consortium, RefXAS has evolved as a comprehensive open-access database for X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). We have implemented a platform that allows users to submit raw datasets and associated metadata via a web interface. [...]