HAWC, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, and XMM-Newton Follow-up Observations of the Unidentified Ultra-high-energy Gamma-Ray Source LHAASO J2108+5157

Adams, C. B.; Martin, M.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Groetsch, S.; Rosa-González, D.; Iriarte, A.; Nayerhoda, A.; Kumar, S.; Araya, M.; Ergin, T.; Espinoza, C.; Yu, S.; Martínez-Castro, J.; Roth, M.; Diaz Hernandez, R.; Goodman, J. A.; Omodei, N.; Williams, D. A.; Martinez, O.; Feldman, S.; Smith, A. J.; Desiati, P.; De la Fuente, E.; Maier, G.; Depaoli, D.; Wang, X.; Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.; Wu, H.; Yun-Cárcamo, S.; Shang, R.; Malone, K.; Tibolla, O.; Pueschel, E.; Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.; Kieda, D.; Ponce, E.; Kaaret, P.; Kleiner, T. K.; Varela, E.; Tollefson, K.; Buckley, J. H.; Tak, D.; Fan, K. L.; Valverde, J.; Ning, W.; Hanlon, W.; Hughes, Z.; Bernal, A.; Ragan, K.; Jin, W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Mori, Kaya; Huang, D.; Millard, M. J.; Benbow, W.; XMM-Newton Collaboration; Son, Y.; Belmont-Moreno, E.; Reynolds, P. T.; Alfaro, R.; Torres-Escobedo, R.; Escobar Godoy, M.; Nellen, L.; Pohl, M.; Springer, R. W.; Korzoun, N.; Rabinowitz, P. L.; Quinn, J.; Safi-Harb, Samar; Lara, A.; Chen, Y.; Saha, L.; Villaseñor, L.; Holder, J.; Kertzman, M.; Ureña-Mena, F.; Hailey, Charles J.; Cotti, U.; Avila Rojas, D.; Woo, J.; Lee, J.; Salazar, H.; Lundy, M.; Zhou, H.; García-González, J. A.; González, M. M.; Hervet, O.; Matthews, J. A.; Rho, C. D.; Christiansen, J. L.; Roache, E.; Herzog, I.; Foote, J.; Casanova, S.; Fraija, N.; Watson, I. J.; Turner, R.; Pérez-Pérez, E. G.; Mostafá, M.; Humensky, T. B.; Morales-Soto, J. A.; Babu, R.; Hernández-Cadena, S.; Kaufmann, S.; Talluri, A. K.; Bangale, P.; León Vargas, H.; Hinrichs, C. E.; Di Lalla, N.; Najafi, M.; Ong, R. A.; Miranda-Romagnoli, P.; Zhang, Shuo; Alvarez, C.; Moreno, E.; Gonzalez Muñoz, A.; Schneider, M.; Lang, M. J.; Mukherjee, R.; Harding, J. P.; Tucci, J. V.; Engel, K.; HAWC Collaboration; Sandoval, Carlos; Kherlakian, M.; Fortson, L.; Carramiñana, A.; Sadeh, I.; Furniss, A.; Feng, Q.; Torres, I.; Chromey, A. J.; Serna-Franco, J.; Fraija, S.; Wang, Z.; Cotzomi, J.; DuVernois, M. A.; Longinotti, A. L.; de León, C.; Moriarty, P.; Garfias, F.; Wong, S. L.; Luis-Raya, G.; Hüntemeyer, P.; Ribeiro, D.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adf439

Journal Article

PUBDB-2025-04850

HAWC, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, and XMM-Newton Follow-up Observations of the Unidentified Ultra-high-energy Gamma-Ray Source LHAASO J2108+5157

Adams, C. B. ; Bangale, P. ; Benbow, W. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Chen, Y. ; Christiansen, J. L. ; Chromey, A. J. ; Escobar Godoy, M. ; Feldman, S. ; Feng, Q. ; Foote, J. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Hanlon, W. ; Hervet, O. ; Hinrichs, C. E. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, Z. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Jin, W. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Kherlakian, M. ; Kieda, D. ; Kleiner, T. K.DESY* ; Korzoun, N. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lundy, M. ; Maier, G.DESY* ; Millard, M. J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Ning, W. ; Ong, R. A. ; Pohl, M.DESY* ; Pueschel, E.DESY* ; Quinn, J. ; Rabinowitz, P. L. ; Ragan, K. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Ribeiro, D. ; Roache, E. ; Sadeh, I.DESY* ; Saha, L. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shang, R. ; Tak, D. ; Talluri, A. K. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Valverde, J. ; Williams, D. A. ; Wong, S. L. ; Woo, J. ; Alfaro, R. ; Alvarez, C. ; Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. ; Avila Rojas, D. ; Babu, R. ; Belmont-Moreno, E. ; Bernal, A. ; Caballero-Mora, K. S. ; Carramiñana, A. ; Casanova, S. ; Cotti, U. ; Cotzomi, J. ; De la Fuente, E. ; de León, C. ; Depaoli, D. ; Desiati, P. ; Di Lalla, N. ; Diaz Hernandez, R. ; DuVernois, M. A. ; Engel, K. ; Ergin, T. ; Espinoza, C. ; Fan, K. L. ; Fraija, N. ; Fraija, S. ; García-González, J. A. ; Garfias, F. ; Gonzalez Muñoz, A. ; González, M. M. ; Goodman, J. A. ; Groetsch, S. ; Harding, J. P. ; Hernández-Cadena, S. ; Herzog, I. ; Huang, D. ; Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. ; Hüntemeyer, P. ; Iriarte, A. ; Kaufmann, S. ; Lara, A. ; Lee, J. ; León Vargas, H. ; Longinotti, A. L. ; Luis-Raya, G. ; Malone, K. ; Martinez, O. ; Martínez-Castro, J. ; Matthews, J. A. ; Miranda-Romagnoli, P. ; Morales-Soto, J. A. ; Moreno, E. ; Araya, M. ; Mostafá, M. ; Najafi, M. ; Nayerhoda, A. ; Nellen, L. ; Omodei, N. ; Ponce, E. ; Pérez-Pérez, E. G. ; Rho, C. D. ; Rosa-González, D. ; Roth, M. ; Salazar, H. ; Sandoval, C.DESY* ; Schneider, M. ; Serna-Franco, J. ; Smith, A. J. ; Son, Y. ; Springer, R. W. ; Tibolla, O. ; Tollefson, K. ; Torres, I. ; Torres-Escobedo, R. ; Turner, R. ; Ureña-Mena, F. ; Varela, E. ; Villaseñor, L. ; Wang, X. ; Wang, Z. ; Watson, I. J. ; Wu, H. ; Yu, S. ; Yun-Cárcamo, S. ; Zhou, H. ; Martin, M. ; Mori, K. ; Hailey, C. J. ; Safi-Harb, S. ; Zhang, S. ; HAWC Collaboration (Collaboration author) ; XMM-Newton Collaboration (Collaboration author)

2025
Institute of Physics Publ. London

The astrophysical journal / Part 1 991(2), 192 - (2025) [10.3847/1538-4357/adf439]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adf439 doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2025-04850

Abstract: We report observations of the ultra-high-energy gamma-ray source LHAASO J2108+5157, utilizing VERITAS, HAWC, Fermi-LAT, and XMM-Newton. VERITAS has collected ∼40 hr of data that we used to set ULs to the emission above 200 GeV. The HAWC data, collected over ∼2400 days, reveal emission between 3 and 146 TeV, with a significance of 7.5σ, favoring an extended source model. The best-fit spectrum measured by HAWC is characterized by a simple power law with a spectral index of 2.45 ± 0.11$_{stat}$. Fermi-LAT analysis finds a point source with a very soft spectrum in the LHAASO J2108+5157 region, consistent with the 4FGL-DR3 catalog results. The XMM-Newton analysis yields a null detection of the source in the 2–7 keV band. The broadband spectrum can be interpreted as a pulsar and a pulsar wind nebula system, where the GeV gamma-ray emission originates from an unidentified pulsar, and the X-ray and TeV emissions are attributed to synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scattering of electrons accelerated within a pulsar wind nebula. In this leptonic scenario, our X-ray upper limit provides a stringent constraint on the magnetic field, which is ≲1.5 μG.

Classification:

ddc:520

Contributing Institute(s):

VERITAS (Z_VER)

Research Program(s):

613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF4-613) (POF4-613)

Experiment(s):

Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System

Appears in the scientific report 2025

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Record created 2025-11-12, last modified 2025-11-12

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