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| Contribution to a conference proceedings/Journal Article | PUBDB-2025-00310 |
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2024
Inst. of Physics
London
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1088/1748-0221/19/03/C03048 doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2025-00310
Report No.: arXiv:2402.03971
Abstract: The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC brings unprecedented requirements for real-time andprecision bunch-by-bunch online luminosity measurement and beam-induced background monitoring. Akey component of the CMS Beam Radiation, Instrumentation and Luminosity system is a stand-aloneluminometer, the Fast Beam Condition Monitor (FBCM), which is fully independent from the CMScentral trigger and data acquisition services and able to operate at all times with a triggerlessreadout. FBCM utilizes a dedicated front-end application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) toamplify the signals from CO$_{2}$-cooled silicon-pad sensors with a timing resolution of a fewnanoseconds, which enables the measurement of the beam-induced background. FBCM uses a modulardesign with two half-disks of twelve modules at each end of CMS, with four service modules placedclose to the outer edge to reduce radiation-induced aging. The electronics system design adaptsseveral components from the CMS Tracker for power, control and read-out functionalities. Thededicated FBCM23 ASIC contains six channels and adjustable shaping time to optimize the noise withregards to sensor leakage current. Each ASIC channel outputs a single binary high-speedasynchronous signal carrying time-of-arrival and time-over-threshold information. The chip outputsignal is digitized,encoded, and sent via a radiation-hard gigabit transceiverand an optical linkto the back-end electronics for analysis. This paper reports on the updated design of the FBCMdetector and the ongoing testing program.
Keyword(s): luminosity: monitoring ; radiation: damage ; CMS: upgrade ; integrated circuit: design ; background: induced ; electronics: design ; electronics: readout ; noise ; data acquisition ; time resolution ; semiconductor detector ; Si microstrip and pad detectors ; Radiation-hard detectors
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The CMS Fast Beam Condition Monitor for HL-LHC
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